Sublevel caving: unearthing new opportunities . The known resource base for base metals is increasingly comprised of large scale, low-grade deposits, situated at increasing depths where underground cave 1 mining methods are the only viable means of economic extraction.. In the spectrum of underground mining methods, caving …Web
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method of underground mining. In mining: Sublevel caving. This method owes the first part of its name to the fact that work is carried out on many intermediate levels (that is, …Web
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In September 2007, the mine decided to adopt the underground mining method, and started the shaft development for the sublevel caving mine with a production scale of 75,000 tons/year. Subsequently, in August 2012, the mine began partial stoping work. The sublevel height is divided into 13 and 14 m and the drift spacing is chosen at …Web
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Sublevel Caving Method Without Sill Pillar. It is the mining process in which a level is divided into several sublevels and the stopping of ore is performed by sublevel caving from top to bottom. The lower part of a sublevel does not have the bottom structure comprised of the special-purpose ore-drawing drifts.Web
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Sublevel caving is a mining method to realize ground pressure management by caving surrounding rock. With the caving of ore, the surrounding rock is forced (or naturally) to fill the goaf to control and manage the ground pressure [1,2,3,4].Sublevel caving is a large-scale mining method with low cost and high …Web
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The rock drilling, ore breaking, and ore removal in a sublevel proceed sequentially in one stopping drift of the sublevel; squeezing blasting proceeds with a …Web
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The mining methods evaluated with AHP are: room and pillar; sublevel open stoping; vertical crater retreat; cut and fill; shrinkage mining; sublevel caving and block caving. Mining methods can be classified based on the degree of support offered to generated excavation and magnitude of displacement (Brown, Citation 2004). Room and pillar ...Web
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2. Outline of Topic 7: Longwall Longwall in coal Longwall in Hard Rock Sublevel Caving Characteristics of the ore body and mining method Development Production Equipments Used Block Caving Introduction Historical evolution of the method Condition deposit Principles of the method Methodology of block caving Basic issues of …Web
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induced caving method. Similar to the develop-ment of sublevel caving with sill pillar, the forced block caving method was introduced into China by the Soviet Union in the early 1960s and then formed several schemes such as sublevel drill and benching ore removal and vertical bunch-hole mining. The spontaneous caving method origi-Web
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This mine employed sublevel caving mining method with the level for 15 m, the access space and independent advance of ore breaking were 16 m and 1.6 m, respectively. The 30 m level is currently being extracted and then the mechanic parameters of rock mass were gained by the field survey (Table 1 ) [ 24 ].Web
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1. Introduction. Sublevel caving (SLC) is a large-scale mining method primarily used in orebodies with steep dip and large vertical dimensions [Citation 1].As in other caving methods, the function and efficiency of SLC depends on the properties of the orebody and the overlying waste rock [Citation 1].The blastholes are drilled upwards, in parallel fan …Web
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Sublevel shrinkage (SLSh) is an underground mining method similar to sublevel caving (SLC) but with continuous backfilling from the top. It features a top-down mining sequence with production …Web
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Sublevel caving (SLC) is a mass mining method in which the ore is drilled and blasted while the waste rock caves and fills the space created by the extraction of ore (Cokayne Citation 1982). The ore body is divided into …Web
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age method, stage chamber mining method, induced cav-ing method, sublevel caving method and lling method for mining [3, 4]. Aected by the orebody occurrence and the ore-rock property, regardless of which mining method is adopted, there are some diculties in mining. When the short-hole shrinkage method and the lling method are used for the ...Web
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The sublevel caving (SLC) mining method has evolved over the last 100 years. The method was first used in the early 1900s in soft iron ore mines in Minnesota and Michigan, USA (Hartman and Mutmansky, 2002) . It represented an evolution from top slicing, but was initially highly labour intensive and required heavy timber supportWeb
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Sublevel caving method with sill pillar is the mining process in which a level is divided into several sublevels, a bottom structure specifically used for ore removal is furnished at the …Web
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Cave mining progresses to depths exceeding 1000 m and ore bodies situated in competent and strong rock masses are nowadays extracted by different cave mining methods. Widely applied caving methods in massive deposits are block and panel caving, inclined caving, and sublevel caving. All caving methods have in common …Web
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Why block, sub-level and panel caving make for smarter mining. This commitment to industry-leading mining practices and outcomes is exemplified across our sub-level caving (SLC), block caving (BC), and panel caving (PC) work. With high-quality, near-surface orebody sources depleting, the industry is turning to underground mining methods.Web
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Underground mining in Sweden produces annually about 40 million tonnes of ore and rock, the principal mining systems being sublevel caving, sublevel stoping, block caving, open stopes and pillars, and shrinkage stoping. ... The second group with its main representative, the sublevel caving method, is very complicated as far as control is ...Web
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The best Mining method (Single level caving) was then subjected to cost analysis to establish its viability. ... Design for Sublevel Caving For sublevel caving, a variant method called single level caving was designed due to the orientation of the orebody. Figure 4.8 shows the plan view of the design while the section view is shown in …Web
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The improved sublevel caving method leaves two triangular areas between the hanging wall and the footwall-ore junction ... Ren F.Y.; Tao G.Q.; Li Q.W.; Zhang Z.F.; Li J.; Dou M.L. Pilot study on …Web
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Sublevel caving is a mass mining method based on utilizing the gravity flow of the blasted ore and caved waste rock. Sublevel caving without sill pillars is the main mining method used in underground metal mines in China (Li et al. 2006). Sublevel caving has the characteristics of safety, mechanization, flexibility and allows a favorable …Web
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Sublevel Stoping Mining Method source: / Black Diamond Drilling Services Open stoping This type of mining is used to recover steeply dipping orebodies in …Web
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Where ground conditions permit, it is possible to use a combination of cut-and-fill mining and sublevel stoping called rill mining. In this method drifts are driven in the ore separated by a slice of ore two or three normal slices high. ... Sublevel caving. This method owes the first part of its name to the fact that work is carried out on many ...Web
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Production scheduling determines the most beneficial mining sequence over the life of a mine. Developing a schedule that meets all mining aspects can substantially reduce mining costs and increase profitability. Among all underground mining methods, the sublevel caving method is a common method with moderate …Web
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The sublevel caving system is a mining method used for extracting ore from such steeply dipping deposits. In this method, the ore is drilled and blasted while the waste rock caves in and fills the void created by the extraction of the ore [1,2,3].Web
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Non-pillar sublevel caving offers the advantages of simple operation, high-intensity mining, high mechanization degree, safety and reliability, and relatively low mining costs [1,2,3,4].Therefore, it has been widely used …Web
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Sublevel caving method with sill pillar is the mining process in which a level is divided into several sublevels, a bottom structure specifically used for ore removal is furnished at the lower part of each sublevel, and stoping of ore proceeds from the top sublevel to the bottom sublevel (Fig. 1).It is also called sublevel caving method with …Web
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Under proper conditions, this underground method can rival economically surface mining! It can do so because it is a bulk or high-volume mining method. ... On a per unit cost basis, the development for block caving is no greater than for sublevel caving. Sink Shaft and develop decline for access to the orebody from the footwall.Web
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Lost-ore mining—A supplementary mining method to sublevel caving 1. Introduction. With an increasing population and GDP per capita, the global production of …Web
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The future of sublevel caving is being assessed. October 25, 2023. When mining proceeds at ever greater depth, so do the challenges – rock stresses and costs. However, the latter are but two of several complex issues that must be addressed leading into the future. At the centre of it all is the impact that the mining method, sublevel …Web
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