Moreover, the conventional iron making unit, i.e. blast furnace requires the raw material in the form of iron oxide with a size range of 10–120 mm. Sintering is the oldest agglomerate thermal process using iron ore mineral fines of 0.5–8 mm, along with the reductant, fluxes, and other byproducts of the iron and steel industry operated ...Web
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Among the machine learning techniques, the [2] Mróz Jan, Skowronek Ryszard and Francik Przemysław, Random Forest model prediction algorithm was found to Investigations on the Influence of Return Sinter Fines on the Iron Ores Sintering Process and on the Properties of Iron Ore have a good fit with actual values.Web
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Amongst various processes used in agglomeration, sintering and pelletization are widely used in the iron ore industries. About 70% of the blast furnace feed is reporting from the sintering processes. The objective of iron ore agglomeration is to generate a suitable product of granules in terms of thermal, mechanical, physical, and …Web
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Iron ore sinter, an iron-bearing material for BF iron-making, is utilised worldwide. A schematic of the NG injection technology is presented in Fig. 1.First, after being ignited by a burner, the coke/coal fines combust downwards and the sintering process between iron ores and flux occurs owing to the presence of a high-temperature …Web
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In order to reduce the sintering allocation scheme and lower the cost of allocation, two semi-lignite ores with similar properties and large price differences were selected for blending to achieve the purpose of complementary advantages. The sintered ore specimens were studied by using FactSage7.1, an infrared sintering furnace, and …Web
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Iron ore sintering is a complicated thermo-chemical process which involves a vast amount of chemical reactions and physical changes. Feed materials which contain ores, coke, flux, gangue, returned mines, and etc. are granulated and charged into the sintering machine.Web
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The coke combustion rate in an iron ore sintering process is one of the most important determining factors of quality and productivity. Biomass carbon material is considered to be a coke substitute with a lower CO2 emission in the sintering process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the combustion rate of a biomass carbon …Web
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In this study, the effect of SiO2 content on iron ore sintering indexes was studied, with mineral composition and microstructure analyses. It was shown that the strength and reducibil-ity of sintering products improved when SiO2 content increased. The sinter yield and tumbler index increased from 69.57% and 58.67% to 74.02% and 62.32% ...Web
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According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the sintering process converts fine-sized raw materials, including iron ore, …Web
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In an iron ore sintering bed, the combustion behaviour of coke particles together with velocity of the flowing gas stream determines the temperature, width and speed of the traversing flame front. A bed heat treatment mathematical model was formulated in an earlier study to describe this complex relationship. An area of …Web
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In complex industrial processes such as sintering, key quality variables are difficult to measure online and it takes a long time to obtain quality variables through offline testing. Moreover, due to the …Web
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Sintering, a primary way to make high-quality artificial iron ore from low-grade iron ore, has received widespread attention. Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process, which involves several chemical–physical reactions (Chen et al., 2020). Burn-through point (BTP) is a parameter with significant meaning in the iron ore sintering process.Web
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In the stationary combined fuel consumption mode for the iron ore agglomeration, an experimental sinter batch was produced—1828 tons with an average natural gas total consumption for the sintering machine of 560 m 3 /h and its share for the GAD of 21.42%. The average agglocharge consumption characteristics were maintained …Web
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In case of chromite, the temperature required for sintering is about 200 0 C more than that required for iron ore sintering. The process conditions for manganese ore sintering are almost similar to that for iron ore. The author has actively contributed to projects for setting up of batch type (capacity 15000 tpa) sinter plants at industry site.Web
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Abstract and Figures. Sintering is an agglomeration process that fuses iron ore fines, fluxes, recycled products, slag-forming elements and coke. The purpose of sintering is to obtain a product ...Web
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Iron ore sintering is the iron ore powder agglomeration process that changes fine iron ore powder into the lumpy iron-bearing raw material used for blast …Web
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During the iron ore sintering process, its SiO2 content considerably affects the sinter quality. In this study, the effect of SiO2 content on iron ore sintering indexes was studied, with mineral composition and microstructure analyses. ... The RDI +3.15 of sinter from the sintering machine and sintering pot tests were both affected by SiO 2 ...Web
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Iron ore sinter plants are energy-intensive components of integrated iron and steel production (see Table 1), where the iron ore fines (<5 mm) are converted into larger (>5 mm) lump sinter cakes with greater gas permeability, which are the most important burden materials for iron making in blast furnaces (BFs) [7].The main process is shown …Web
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Iron ore sintering Chemistry Physical characteristics Mineralogy Granulation Densification 15.1. Introduction Sintering is a thermal process of converting loose fine …Web
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The iron ore sintering process was deeply reviewed by the authors of [2,18,19,20,21,22], so if further information about the sintering process is required, we suggest reading their work. In conventional iron ore sintering, mixtures of mineral fines, return fines, fluxes, and recycled products are treated in the presence of coke dust.Web
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Sintering of iron ores is an enormous energy-intensive and resources consuming process. Introducing a selective waste gas recirculation (SWGR) to the sintering process reduces the energy consumption, stack gas volume flow, and sulfur dioxide emissions of an iron sinter production. Simulating this complex process in flowsheet …Web
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Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. In this chapter, the sintering process is first described to identify the key steps of the process, that is, granulation and thermal densification. Discussion is then focused on the effect of the chemical, physical, and ...Web
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In this work, we have formulated and solved a multi-objective optimization problem to maximize both sinter productivity and quality for the integrated iron ore …Web
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Iron ore sintering is the second most energy-consuming process in iron marking, and the main energy consumption comes from the combustion of carbon (Hu et al. 2019). Coke breeze is intimately mixed with moistened ore fines, limestone/dolomite, and industrial wastes like flue dust, return fines, LD slag, LD sludge, etc.Web
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The iron ore pellet enters the shaft furnace from the top, through the stream M1 at ambient temperature. Impurities have an adverse impact on the reaction kinetics and should be limited to less than 5%. The iron ore pellets react with the hydrogen gas, which enters the shaft furnace from the bottom of the furnace at 1173 K, represented by M4.Web
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At the sintering machine only about 50 kg of fossil fuel per ton of sinter are used. Thus, new technologies are welcome with the focus of neutralizing the carbon emissions. The iron ore sinter process is an important operation unit in the integrated steel plant. ... For example, the iron ore sintering process, an important hot-agglomeration …Web
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At the end of the sintering machine, the pallet turns over and the sinter block is unloaded, can be shown in Fig. 3. In which, Fig. 3(a) is the state that the sinter bed has not fallen yet while one pallet begins to tilt, assuming that this pallet is Pallet-1. ... Analysis of a compact iron ore sintering process based on agglomerated biochar ...Web
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